The state of complete mental, physical and social well-being is known as health. Reproductive health refers to the aspects of health which deal with reproductive processes, systems and functions at all stages of life. It involves providing people with information and access to effective, affordable and safe methods of birth control. Reproductive healthcare also includes health education programs which raise awareness about the importance of safe maternal health. Reproductive medicine falls under the umbrella of reproductive health. It focuses on the prevention, assessment and treatment of reproductive conditions. Some of the techniques used within this domain are cryopreservation, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, in-vitro fertilization, etc. The treatment of sexually transmitted diseases is also a focus area of this field. This book covers in detail some existing challenges and innovative prospects revolving around reproductive health. It will serve as a valuable source of reference for graduate and postgraduate students. This book will also provide interesting topics for research which interested readers can take up.