Disinfection of drinking water is essential in providing safe and secure drinking water for urban use. Disinfection processes have expanded since the beginning of the 20th century. These processes are performed with different techniques and using different materials, while during these processes, microbes and microorganisms present in the water are killed or are largely inactivated. Chlorine and its compounds are one of the most common disinfectants used for water. The low cost and long shelf life of this material justify its common use. After disinfection in treatment plants, chlorine remains in the water for a long time and prevents re-contamination of water in the distribution system. The use of disinfectants reduces the risk of microbial diseases, but studies have shown that disinfectants cause by-products of the disinfection process (DBPs) are dissolved in water. These substances are caused by chemical reactions between disinfectants (especially chlorine), water-soluble organic and mineral compounds, and have adverse effects on human health, causing cancer. These substances are considered toxic substances by water quality control institutions and should be removed from water.