Joshua A. Fogel is professor of history at the University of California, Santa Barbara. His most recent book is The Literature of Travel in the Japanese Rediscovery of China, 1862-1945 (Stanford, 1996). Professor Fogel is currently a visiting professor at Kyoto University, where he is working on Chinese views of Japan in the Ming-Qing period. Peter Zarrow teaches in the School of History at the University of New South Wales. He is the author of Anarchism and Chinese Political Culture (Columbia, 1990); his Twentieth-Century China: An Interpretive History is forthcoming. The focus of Dr. Zarrow's current research is the cultural and philosophical aspects of the fall of the Chinese monarchy in the early twentieth century.